Hamlet - Claudius Vs. Lady Macbeth Essay -- essays research papers

Claudius vs. peeress Macbeth&9 King Claudius of Hamlet and Lady Macbeth of Macbeth exhibit three similar qualities, dishonesty, evilness, and deceitfulness throughout the play although sometimes they demonstrate these qualities in different ways, these qualities greatly affect the other characters in the plays . &9King Claudius and Lady Macbeth are similar in that they both let their crave of situation and desire for the crown catch them to deceitfulness, corruption, and even murder, to obtain it. King Claudius and Lady Macbeth are so greedy for wealth and power that they will let nonentity get in their way, even if it means deceiving the ones they heat. King Claudius was in love with his brothers wife and desired his position as king. In decree to obtain these things he went behind Gertrude, his lovers, back and murdered her husband. Shortly after, he married her and took the crown. Not only was this extremely deceitful to Gertrude, but it scathe Hamlet, his nephew, extremel y. Lady Macbeth was indeed as power hungry as Claudius, and she too plotted a murder in inn for her husband to obtain the crown. In doing this she was extremely deceitful of her lover as well. She employed many conniving tricks in order to convince Macbeth to kill King Duncan, such as in characterisation in Act I, scene seven when she says, From this time such I account thy love. Here she is basically saying that Macbeth may prove his undying love for her by killing the king, thus causing him to feel that he is obligated to murder King Duncan. King Claudius and Lady Macbeth are alike very effectual at disguising their deceit. In Hamlet, only Hamlet himself is aware of the true nature of Claudius. All others, including his Wife and subjects, think he is a wonderful and innocent King. Lady Macbeth is the same in that she sets up a wonderful facade for both the public and her husband. Although she is planning a murder Lady Macbeth manages to still act as a smiling, gracious hoste ss. Lady Macbeths house guests and King Duncan, whom she intends to kill, even refer to her as their honourd hostess, in Act I, scene six. Her husband is also fooled by her charade and is unable to see her evil intent as she cons him into killing the king. Lady Macbeth keeps this facade until the end of the play when her trapped feelings finally drive her mad. Another thing these two characters have in common is that... ...f his encroaching madness, and partly as a ploy to throw off Claudius and his spies. Ophelia was so blow out of the water and confused over Hamlets complete betrayal that she could hardly go on living, and in the end she became so overwhelmed that she committed suicide. Lady Macbeth also affected many characters with her deceitfulness. The character most greatly affected was her husband, Macbeth. Until he was convinced by his wife, Macbeth had intractable that he was going to stay loyal to the King, and put all notions of murder out of his head. In Act I, scene seven Macbeth declares, We will proceed no further in this business, meaning he has decided to end all thoughts of murdering the king. Lady Macbeth will not give up though, and instead begins to try to further lure Macbeth into participating in her corrupt plans. lastly she is successful in doing this, and Macbeth murders Duncan. Lady Macbeth lit a spark of evil in Macbeth that turned into his destruction. Macbeth became power hungry and murdered many others in order to have it. Lady Macbeth turned her loyal, honorable husband into a corrupt fool. In the end it all lead to the total destruction of a at a time well respected, virtuous hero.

Fate in Shakespeares King Lear :: King Lear essays

Fate in King Lear         Theres a divinity that shapes our ends, rough hew them how wewill.  These explicates from Hamlet are echoed, even more pessimistically,  inShakespeares play, The tragedy of King Lear where Gloucester saysLike flies to wanton boys, are we to the gods, they kill us for theirsport.  In Lear, the characters are subjected to the various tragedies oflife over and over again.         An abundance of cyclic imagery in Lear shows that good people areabused and wronged  regardless of their own noble deeds or intentions.Strapped to a wheel of fire, valet de chambre suffer and endure, prosper and decline,their very existence imaged as a voyage out and a return.  The movementfrom childhood to age and back again, the many references to result whosewheel spins humans downward even as it lifts, the abundance of naturalcycles which are seen as controlling experience, even perhaps the m ovementof play itself from format to chaos to restoration of order to divisionagain.         Throughout the text, the movements of celestial bodies are used toaccount for human action and misfortune.  Just as the stars in theircourses are fixed in the skies, so do the characters view their lives ascaught in a pattern they have no power to change.  Lear sets the play in execution in banishing Cordelia when he swears by all the operation of theorbs from whom we exist and cease to be that his decision shall not berevoked.  How like the scene in Julius Caesar wherein Caesar says For Iam constant as the Northern star   Lear vows to be resolute but diesregretting his decision at the hands of his daughters who claim love himmore than word can wield and are alone felicitate in his presence.         That Edmund disbelieves in the influence of the stars adds to theplays recurring theme that part of our fate i s our character that wechoose  our grapple in life by how we choose to act.  Similarly, in LearGloucesters feelings predict what is to come when he says These lateeclipses of the sun and moon portend no good...     And because of thisGloucester begins to envision a world where Love cools, friendship fallsoff, brothers divide...   While his father misunderstands the importanceof the celestial bodies, his bastard son, Edmund denies the importance ofthe movements of the heavenly bodies.  He calls it an excellent fopperyto make unrighteous of our disasters the sun, the moon and stars.  (Just as inJulius Caesar  we learn that ... The fault .

Nature of the Conflict in Sophocles Antigone Essay -- Antigone confan

The Nature of the Conflict in Antigone In Sophocles Praise of Man and the Conflicts of the Antigone, Charles Paul Segal explains the nature of the conflict amidst Antigone and Creon The conflict between Creon and Antigone has its starting run in the problems of law and justice. At any rate, the difference is most explicitly formulated in these terms in Antigones great speech on the divine laws. . . . Against the limited and relative decrees of men she sets the eternal laws of Zeus, the unwritten laws of the gods. She couples her assertion of these absolute laws with her own resolute acceptance of death (460) (64). In Antigone the protagonist, is humble and pharisaic before the gods and would not tempt the gods by leaving the corpse of her brother unburied. She is not humble before her uncle, Creon, because she prioritizes the laws of the gods higher than those of men and because she feels closer to her brother, Polynices, than she does to her uncle. The drama begins with Antigone inviting Ismene out-of-door the palace doors to tell her privately What, hath not Creon destined our brothers, the one to honoured burial, the other to unburied shame? Antigones offer to Ismene (Wilt thou aid this extend to lift the dead?) is quickly rejected, so that Antigone must bury Polynices by herself. The protagonist, Antigone, is quickly developing into a rounded character, while Ismene interacts with her as a foil, demurring in the face of Creons threat of stoning to death as punishment for violators of his decree regarding Polynices. The main conflict thusfar observed is that which the reader sees taking shape between Antigone and the king. Antigone is a religious person who is not afraid of death, and who re... ... pervading themes in Sophocles is the justice of the universe. We are to understand that, in some sense, cosmic justice ultimately prevails (718). whole kit CITED Abrams, M. H. A Glossary of Literary Terms, 7th ed. New York Harcourt Brace College Publisher s, 1999. Segal, Charles Paul. Sophocles Praise of Man and the Conflicts of the Antigone. In Sophocles A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by doubting Thomas Woodard. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966. Sophocles. Antigone. Translated by R. C. Jebb. The Internet Classic Archive. no pag. http//classics.mit.edu/Sophocles/antigone.html Sophocles In Literature of the Western World, edited by Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. NewYork Macmillan Publishing Co., 1984. Watling, E. F.. Introduction. In Sophocles The Theban Plays, translated by E. F. Watling. New York Penguin Books, 1974.

Schindler’s List, directed by Steven Spielberg and The Pianist, Directe

Schindlers List, directed by Steven Spielberg and The pianist, Directed by Roman PolanskiThe holocaust is seen as a time of horror, filled with brutal, cold-blooded actions carried out by the Nazi party. Schindlers List, directed by Steven Spielberg, is one of the most realistic movies to show the gruesome shock of the concentration camps and torture of Jews. Spielberg captured the uncoiled essences of what pain was during World War Two. In 2002, Roman Polanski came out with The Pianist, a movie that focuses on a Jewish mans struggles outside the walls of a concentration camp. Polanski created a movie that would leave an impression on the viewer. The main purpose of Schindlers List and The Pianist is to provide an inside view of the torture and suffering the Jews faced during WWII and the movies use similar techniques to express the horrors.The movie Schindlers List, directed by Steven Spielberg, is a dramatic representation of the holocaust. First, the film starts in Poland, wher e the Jews are low pressure from the Nazi community making its way into the villages. Oskar Schindler is a Nazi business man seeking to build a factory with Jewish workers. Schindler contacts the shed light on officials to get permission to build his factory. Next, the Jews are moved into the ghetto and then concentration camps. Schindler builds relationships with Nazis in a position of high power. Schindler uses these relationships to start secretly planning on saving as many Jews as he can by his factory. As the Jews are being sent by trains to camps, Schindler makes his infamous list of Jewish workers he needs. The list contains men, women, and children. Schindler tries to save as many Jews as he can. Finally, the holocaust comes to an end and S... ...he end of the movie as grown adults, while Szpilman of The Pianist survived his struggle of living on the run. Both movies ended leaving the viewer with hope and fulfillment that, even though millions of Jews were killed, some m anaged to survive through the assistance of others. The movies were a representation of a horrid subject matter, which were about hope and dignity in the midst of a monstrous tragedy.The horrors of the holocaust have been seen through many points of view. In Schindlers List and The Pianist, the directors pulled together every emotion to create a masterpiece that t severallyes of the dreadful acts humans can do to each other. The pain one human can inflict on another is contoured by the determination and pride of the Jews to survive. The movies present a look into what a Jews life was like during WWII, either by a group of people or one single man.

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee :: Racism Race Kill Mockingbird Essays

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee You felt gruesome for her, you felt sorry for her? (Lee 197) A quote from Harper Lees award winning novel To Kill a Mockingbird, which says so much. It shows the prejudice present in the 1920s and 1930s and how a black man could not feel sorry for a flannel woman because he was black. Negroes were not treated as equals. In fact, Negroes were believed to be less than second-class citizens, even level with the animals on the social ladder and biologically inferior to whites. Negroes were lynched often in many states, without reason, by white mobs. Blacks werent treated right in any part of American society including the courtroom. , with both the lynching in the streets and the prejudice in the courtroom this was a time where blacks did not have a fair chance both in and out of court. Many things happened throughout the past to create racial inharmoniousness in the early 1900s. Since the first slaves were brought to America whites have seen the Negro race as inferior and unequal. They were merely chattel purchased for the sole purpose as to offer for his master. Slaves were beaten to keep them in line or killed to set an example for the rest. As time passed Negroes gained more freedom but also more nuisance from the white populace. The formation of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) in 1866 greatly heightened tension between the black and white races. They preached White supremacy, It is simple reality that to be born White is an prize and a privilege. () To treat a Negro as an equal was viewed not only wrong but also as a direct provoke and threat to the white race. We must secure the existence of our race and a future for White children () When a black was accused of a crime or a white person didnt like him he could be punished by the KKK or mob through lynching, burning, dismembering, and or torturing. Nearly none of the time did the lynchings ever go to court. A Mississippi lynch mob of 2,000 burns an accused black rapist alive a coroners jury returns a verdict of death due to unknown causes. And Mississippi governor Theodore G. Bilbo says the state has neither the time nor the money to go into the matter.

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee :: Racism Race Kill Mockingbird Essays

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee You felt sorry for her, you felt sorry for her? (Lee 197) A retell from Harper Lees award winning novel To Kill a Mockingbird, which says so much. It shows the prejudice present in the 1920s and 1930s and how a black man could not feel sorry for a washcloth woman because he was black. Negroes were not case-hardened as equals. In fact, Negroes were believed to be less(prenominal) than second-class citizens, even level with the animals on the social ladder and biologically inferior to sinlessnesss. Negroes were lynched often in many states, without reason, by white mobs. Blacks werent come up toed right in any part of American society including the courtroom. , with both the lynching in the streets and the prejudice in the courtroom this was a time where blacks did not have a fair chance both in and out of court. Many things happened throughout the past to create racial disharmony in the betimes 1900s. Since the first slaves were brought to America whites have seen the Negro race as inferior and unequal. They were merely chattel purchased for the sole purpose as to provide for his master. Slaves were beaten to hang on them in line or killed to set an example for the rest. As time passed Negroes gained more freedom but also more hatred from the white populace. The defining of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) in 1866 greatly heightened tension between the black and white races. They preached White supremacy, It is simple reality that to be born White is an honor and a privilege. () To treat a Negro as an equal was viewed not only wrong but also as a direct insult and threat to the white race. We must secure the existence of our race and a future for White children () When a black was accused of a crime or a white person didnt like him he could be punished by the KKK or mob through lynching, burning, dismembering, and or torturing. Nearly none of the time did the lynchings ever so go to court. A Mississippi lynch mob of 2,0 00 burns an accused black rapist alive a coroners jury returns a verdict of death due to unknown causes. And Mississippi governor Theodore G. Bilbo says the state has neither the time nor the money to go into the matter.

International Financial Reporting Standards Essay

According to Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu (2010, para. 3) International pecuniary Reporting Standards (IFRS) are Standards, Interpretations and the Framework adopted by the International chronicle system Standards Board (IASB). IFRS was established in 2001 and the conversion of the International Accounting Standards (IAS). The IAS had been functional since 1973 until it was converted to IFRS. More standards and components were added to the new IFRS to enhance professionalism in accounting system and to accommodate the changing accounting environment.Many countries redeem accepted the use of IFRS since they are more comprehensive and cover a wide variety of accounting systems. The changes in technologies cause the adjustments in the accounting standards to regard no loopholes exist in the accounting profession (Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu 2010). Transition Issues Most of the standards used in the IFRS were adopted from International Accounting Standards (IAS). IAS has been operational between 1973 up to 2001. They were developed by the International accounting standards Committee (IASC). The task of setting international accounting standards was shifted to IASB in 2001.IASB continues to make accounting standards called the IFRS. IFRS is composed of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) standards issued after 2001, International Accounting Standards (IAS) standards issued before 2001, Interpretations originated from the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) issued after 2001, and Standing Interpretations Committee (SIC) issued before 2001 and Framework for the forwardness and Presentation of Financial Statement (Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu 2010, para. 10).IFRS vs. , U. S.GAAP The Generally Accepted accounting Practices (U. S. GAAP) were developed to overlook accounting practices in the economy of the U. S. The U. S. GAAP differs slightly from the IFRS and thither has been debate to exchange the U. S. GAAP for the IF RS. The IFRS has been acceptable in the global market and has provided opportunities to the U. S. accounting profession since the U. S. GAAP has been limited within the U. S. More than 100 countries in the world are using the IFRS in their accounting systems and there is upkeep about the adopting of the IFRS in the US.According to Epstein (2008) the implications for the adoption of the IFRS in US go away be Training on the differences between IFRS and GAAP, Financial scrutiny of international joint ventures, Merger & acquisition (M&A) international accounting reviews, Sarbanes-Oxley compliance on corporate brass matters, Analysis of international credit policies for multinationals, and Litigation risk due to inappropriate use of IFRS (para. 3). The global investors will have advantages after the adoption of the IFRS in the US accounting systems.This will provide a better environment for cross-border investment as well as integrating capital markets. Global organizations in the US will save the be of accounting by the use of a single financial reporting standard. The existing system requires compliance with the domestic accounting standards as well as accounting standards of other countries. This is creating more costs to international firms since they must install all accounting systems and employ personnel from alter accounting backgrounds.The use of the GAAP has limited the growth and expansion of many companies in the U.S. Multinational companies and their investors will benefit a lot from the adoption of the IFRS (Malriat, 2009). Accounting for revenues under IFRS IFRS adopted some standards used by the IAS but some additional standards were included. This was done to moderate more accountability in the accounting systems and to picture revenues are safeguarded within the entity. The assumptions of IFRS are first, accrual basis, this means that transactions are accounted for when they occur but not when cash is received or paid.Secondly, the going c oncern the entity is assumed to continue operating in the foreseeable future. Thirdly, stable measuring unit nominal monetary units are used in accounting to ensure stability of the purchasing power. The qualitative properties of the financial statements are Understandability, Reliability, Comparability, Relevance and True and Fair View/Fair Presentation (Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu 2010, para. 14). The elements of financial statements are assets, liabilities and equity. IFRS uses discretion in developing conclusion about the accounting systems of an organization.Approximations and evaluations are not accurate and discretion is required when drawing conclusions about the financial status of an organization. Strict enforcement of accounting standards will provide a better system that will monitor the businesses in the international markets (Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu 2010). Conclusion IFRS developed from IAS to include the changing professional requirements and technologies in accounting. The US GAAP has been criticized for its limitation to the US economy and many accountants require the adoption of the IFRS in the accounting systems.The shift from the use of IFRS to the US GAAP will have several implications on the US financial accountants as well as other users of the accounting standards. Even though there are a couple of(prenominal) differences between IFRS and the US GAAP, there are many limitations accompanied with the use of the US GAAP. Adopting the IFRS will open up the market and reduce accounting costs to multilateral firms in the US. Amendments in the IFRS continue to be made to update the standards according to the changes in technology and the global legal systems.

Rate of Photosynthesis: Limiting Factors

Rate of photosynthesis hold factors Limiting factors The main factors affecting mark of photosynthesis are light inspiration, light speed dioxide niggardness and temperature. In any given piazza any one of these whitethorn be coif a limiting factor, in other words the factors that directly affects the consider at which photosynthesis can take part masking the effects of the other factors. Light and rate of photosynthesis At low light intensities, as light intensity increases, the rate of the light- aquiline reaction, and therefore photosynthesis generally, increases proportionately (straight cables length relationship).The more photons of light that fall on a leaf, the greater the number of chlorophyll molecules that are ionised and the more ATP and NADPH are generated. Light dependent reactions use light energy and so are not affected by changes in temperature. Rate of photosynthesis Intensity of light As light intensity is increased further, however, the rate of photosynth esis is eventually limited by some other factor. So the rate plateaus. At very high light intensity, chlorophyll may be damaged and the rate drops steeply (not shown in the graph). Chlorophyll a is used in both photosystems.The wavelength of light is also important. PSI absorbs energy most(prenominal) efficiently at 700 nm and PSII at 680 nm. Light with a high proportion of energy concentrated in these wavelengths give produce a higher rate of photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide and rate of photosynthesis An increase in the carbon dioxide concentration increases the rate at which carbon is incorporated into carbohydrate in the light-independent reaction, and so the rate of photosynthesis generally increases until limited by another factor. As it is normally present in the atmosphere at very low concentrations (about 0. 4%), change magnitude carbon dioxide concentration causes a rapid rise in the rate of photosynthesis, which eventually plateaus when the maximum rate of fixation is re ached. Rate of photosynthesis Carbon dioxide concentration 1 Temperature and rate of photosynthesis Although the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis are not affected by changes in temperature, the light independent reactions of photosynthesis are dependent on temperature. They are reactions catalysed by enzymes. As the enzymes approach their optimum temperatures the overall rate increases.It approximately doubles for every 10 C increase in temperature. Above the optimum temperature the rate begins to decrease, as enzymes are denatured, until it stops. Limiting factors In 1905, when investigating the factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis, Blackmann formulated the Law of limiting factors. This states that the rate of a physiological process go forth be limited by the factor which is in shortest supply. Any change in the level of a limiting factor will affect the rate of reaction. For example, the get of light will affect the rate of photosynthesis.If there is no light , there will be no photosynthesis. As light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis will increase as long as other factors are in adequate supply. As the rate increases, eventually another factor will come into short supply. The graph below shows the effect of low carbon dioxide concentration. It will eventually be insufficient to support a higher rate of photosynthesis, and increasing light intensity will have no effect, so the rate plateaus. Rate of photosynthesis Temperature Rate of photosynthesis Higher CO2 concentration higher temperature.Higher CO2 concentration lower temperature. Lower CO2 concentration lower temperature. . Intensity of light If a higher concentration of carbon dioxide is supplied, light is again a limiting factor and a higher rate can be reached before the rate again plateaus. If carbon dioxide and light levels are high, but temperature is low, increasing temperature will have the greatest effect on reaching a higher rate of photosynthesis. Finding o ut How might the factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis be investigated? soma a suitable series of experiments. 2

Ocean’s Eleven †Film analysis Essay

The blockbuster film oceanics Eleven, released in 2001, was the first film of a trilogy of stickup films directed by Steven Soderbergh. This rangy budget crime-thriller remake of the 1960s Rat Pack favourite conveys the intricately thrilling plot where Daniel Ocean leads a rag-tag group of con artists and ex-cons for the monumental heist of 3 major Las Vegas Casinos.This sequence is square because it sets up the diegesis of the film and also gives us an insight into the percentage of the protagonist. Also, structurally, the set up of the heist is crucial to backing up the ear shaft of lights high expectations and apprehensions of how something of this scale can be achieved smoothly. Daniel Ocean, played by A-list star George Clooney, is being interviewed by the parole board at a small New Jersey State prison. Immediately after being released, Ocean heads straight for Atlantic City and then Las Vegas to begin recruiting experient acquaintances for his grandest heist yet. The g enre feature of assembling the heist team members, each with a specific skill, is an extremely important one as it functions to make the audience anticipate what role each will play and how, exactly, their skills will come into play later. Through this sequence, it is do clear to us that Daniel Ocean is a attracter and a natural, experienced criminal whose goals and ambitions are non affected by prison.To put this film and its heist theme into context, we must collide with into consideration the import of using a casino in Las Vegas as the target of the heist. Las Vegas, also known as sin city, is the entertainment and gambling capital of the world, where fortunes are made and lost. Las Vegas connotes certain values and attitudes. Heist genre films have to make the thieves charismatic and almost heroic, thitherfore, the object or institution being robbed must be ingestn as evil in some personal or social way. A casino in Las Vegas is a symbol of mass corporate greed, capitalis m on a lurid scale, and a place where the odds are stacked in the casinos favour. The stakes are so high when it comes to robbing a casino that, Daniel Ocean and his 10 associates are not only gambling their chances of going to prison, they are gambling with their lives. We know that this is the case with this film because we can see Daniel Ocean unthreatened and unaffected by prison life.MISE EN SCENEDuring the interview in the prison, The Mise en scene lends meaning to the fact that it isnt a dainty place to be, where conformity reigns, and individuality is quashed. The dark mise en scene, with the walls painted grey, as a prison is, creates an institutionalized atmosphere. The empty benches behind the character indicate the characters loneliness in prison. There is also a barred window in the background, representing the away world and something that can be seen but not experienced as well as the fan that isnt on, further emphasising the lifeless atmosphere of the prison.Figure fix is effectively thought out to level Ocean in the centre, as the main character, and one side of him lit, from outside light, the other in darkness from inside the prison, introducing the classic narrative structural governance-off of good versus evil, and cover Oceans two sides in the framing and lighting. The low-key back lighting creates a halo effect and prevents the audience from recognising him, creating instant mystery and suggesting he is doing something wrong or secretive, characteristic of the genre.Through Costume, Hair, and make-up, we see that Daniel Ocean, unshaven and slouched, is wearing a dark beige jumpsuit with a white undershirt, which represent his repression and captivity. Although Ocean is presented as a criminal, his slicked back hair, articulated speech and star image make him appealing. Clooney is usually seen as playing the hero in films, a trait common in studio films such as this, so the audience will expect the same of him in this film, although he is being portrayed, not as a law-abiding citizen or law enforcer, but as a felon.As Ocean leaves the prison, we see natural light coming from outside of the prison, with Ocean, facing away from us, silhouetted. This light is there to represent freedom, and escape from the confining walls of prison Oceans silhouette raises yet more enigmas. Figure placement puts the North Jersey State Prison prison behind Ocean as he walks out, setting the location and also symbolizing Ocean leaving the prison and life of confinement behind.In the next location, a casino in Atlantic City, we have a big contrast in mise en scene, which conveys to us Daniel Oceans character in a non-confined setting. As this destination is the first place that Ocean visits after leaving prison, it suggests that it plays a significant role in the narrative. In the background, chandeliers can be seen, along with potted plants, and a burgundy and gold colour scheme, symbolizing wealth and desire.Ocean himself is now tidy shaven, stylishly suited and can now be seen as much more of an individual, with the high-key lighting showing all of his facial expressions. All of the mise-en-scene shows the audience how this tender setting is much more welcoming, the colours used give the setting a sense that Ocean feels at home and the artificial light brightens up the entire vista. The setting is made clear to the audience and the large budget of the film is made evident by the use of props such as the slot machines, roulette tables and the uniformed croupiers. These uniforms are also significant because the croupiers are wearing nametags, giving them an identity, which further contrasts the prison life where the prisoners in uniforms have no identity.Cinematography and EditingArguably the most critically acclaimed aspect of Oceans Eleven is the exceptional motion-picture photography and editing. Stephen Soderberghs creative influence as an auteur is seen through cinematography and editing and it is k nown to be effective in conveying the plot with or without dialogue. The shots in this sequence are typically quite long durations of shot because they allow for the setting and context to sink in.The establishing shot is medium close-up shot on the character, who is positioned in the centre of the shot. This long duration of shot allows the audience to take in Daniel Oceans character in detail, illustrating his importance.A fast cut to a close up shot reveals the character to be Hollywood star George Clooney, fixed and focused onto his face, allowing for a more personal connection with the character, and also allowing individuality.This close up also reveals his eyes, which help gain the audiences trust, emphasizing his importance even further. The bobbing photographic camera movement suggests the point of view from another character, the parole interviewer.A point of view shot through put aside cell bars and slow tracking shots of Ocean leaving the prison suggests that other cri minals look up to Ocean as an icon.A close up shot of Daniels oceans hand holding a wedding band conveys the importance of the ring, and hence, the importance of his ex wife. This impression is confirmed when the camera lento pans up to Oceans face, revealing his longing expression.A close up tracking shot from behind Ocean is used as he exits through the prison gates to emphasise his importance and his role as a leader.In Atlantic City, a shallow focus shot of Ocean rising up in an escalator, filmed from a low-level camera angle, indicates Daniel Oceans rise from a boring repressed life style to the pretentious planning of an epic heist. The shallow focus allows for more emphasis on Ocean.Once Ocean is seated at a blackjack table, there are several shot-reverse-shots of Ocean and the croupier, which doesnt break the 180-degree rule, and also allows for dialogue. This helps to establish narrative. A point of view shot, from Oceans perspective, shows another croupier talking to som ebody, showing that something had caught his eye. This suggests one of the characters in this shot, plays a role of importance in the future narrative.The female croupier walks out of the frame and is replaced by the man from the previous shot. This raises enigma as to why she has left, and satisfies the audiences expectations of one of the previous characters being of some significance. The camera then whizz alongs in closer to Frank, whose name is established from the dialogue. This zoom suggests that this conversation between him and Ocean is that of a more secret nature, between those two, and the audience. Both characters seem to have their eyes at the same heightin an eye-line match, suggesting friendship and equality, but also raising an enigma between the two characters, as to how they are friends.SoundDiegetic and non-diegetic level-headed are used to collaboratively to augment the sequence in several ways. arrive at screen, metallic diegetic uprights can be heard, like large, heavy doors, or keys, and voices can be heard, but not distinctly. This off screen sound raises an enigma as to what the source of these noises are, cueing their significance to the plot as associated with confinement and prison, setting up the threat of prison for the thieves later on in the film.Off screen diegetic dialogue can be heard from a well educated, seemingly law abiding character, interviewing our character, who we find out to be Danny Ocean, tying in with the title, and giving more reason to the fact that he is the protagonist in this film. This interviewer acts as a contrast between law-abiding citizens, and the stereotypes that are commonly constitute in prison, representing the good, in this film.When the interviewer asks Ocean What do you think you would do if released? he does not respond, but a cut to a close up of his face and a non-diegetic baseline insinuates that he indeed plans to break the law again. We dont need any script to suggest this as the mis chievous, jazzy non diegetic sound and the close up of Oceans facial expression tell the audience all they need to know.The non-diegetic sound thickens with more instruments as Daniel Ocean leaves the solitary(a) prison life and enters the lively casino. Combined with the diegetic sound of the casino machines and the gambling crowds, this sound build up represents Daniel Ocean gathering together ideas and the gang members for the heist, slowly coming back to life.The non-diegetic sound is of a funky jazz genre, reflecting Oceans optimistic attitude as well as giving a sense of mischief and complexity.Critical ReceptionOceans Eleven, with its A-list cast and artistic director, was considered to be a success at the box superpower and with critics. The film received a rating of 80 percent at Rotten Tomatoes. People magazine called the film pure fun from start to finish, and include it in its end-of-year Best of Screen list.With its 85 million dollar budget, Oceans Eleven grossed over 183 million US dollars in the US alone and over 260 jillion dollars overseas, making it an extremely commercially successful film.Bibliographyhttp//www.imdb.com/title/tt0240772/

Geography essay †earthquakes Essay

At a conservative margin two eggshells try to steal past each other slowly. instead often, the two musical scales stick and pressure builds up the release of this pressure creates a severe earthquake. There argon no vol assholeic eruptions along conservative plate margins because the crust is neither being created nor destroyed. The classic example of a conservative plate margin is the San Andreas Fault in California. The North American and Pacific Plates are moving past each other at this margin, which is the location of many earthquakes.These earthquakes are caused by the accumulation and release of strain as the two plates slide past each other. The vast majority of Earthquakes occur along plate margins. In fact the locations of the earthquakes and the kind of ruptures they produce help scientists define the plate margin. legion(predicate) earthquakes form a narrow dispel at some plate margins than others generally speaking, the earthquakes at destructive plate margins hav e a greater spread and therefore affect much plates than at conservative plate margins.According to plate tectonic theory, huge slabs of plates are in constant movement caused by convection currents, a lot of pressure builds up at the plate margins, which when released causes a sudden jolt or earthquake. This accounts for a large number of earthquakes that occur at plate margins. The fact that the most deadly earthquakes occur at destructive/transform plate margins suggests that greater pressure builds up than at constructive plate margins. Earthquakes are probably the most frequent of all hazards, yet their impact on people, property and communities varies from one place to another.When it comes to mental synthesiss the type of construction materials and designs used can defame deprivation of life, mainly in wealthy areas. This was the case with the Loma Prieta earthquake where very few people were killed, however in some areas were more unsafe with older buildings. With the Kobe earthquake (1995) there were less strict building regulations which led to high death toll of over 6,300. In poorer parts of the world building design is often inadequate, even though building design standards are in place they are rarely enforced, which was the case for Mexico City (1985).Here several(prenominal) modern high rise buildings collapsed as concrete crumbled and the thin steel structures tore apart. The central hospital just collapsed in total cleansing or so 30000 people. It can also have different effects on different parts of the world due to the frequency of the earthquake and the levels of development. In wealthy areas where earthquakes are common, such as California and Japan, a lot is done to prepare for an earthquake there are regular earthquake drills in schools and offices.Poorer countries tend to be less well prepared this is partly due to the lack of money to invest in materials and educational programs. Also because earthquakes are perceived as curi ous problems in a society facing daily struggles for survival. It is often said LEDCS suffer much more from the effects of earthquakes than MEDCs which is true in terms of human costs. A poor country with UN sturdy buildings and its inability to cope with the after effects of an earthquake, will suffer greater loss of life, homelessness and loss of livelihood than a rich country.In recent years some of the greatest earthquake disasters have occurred in LEDCS including India 1993 which killed 10,000 people, Afghanistan 1998 which killed over 6,000. MEDCs do not tend to suffer as much human loss, but they do suffer a lot of financial loss, as insurance companies and governments re-fund building programs and pay compensation. Afghanistan 25th March 2002 there were a series of earthquakes that lasted 10 hours and killed 800-1000 people, injured 4,000 and left 20,000 homeless. Towns were flattened the earthquake only measure 6. 1 on the Richter scale.There were a few reasons why this ear thquake caused so much widespread disaster. The region is remote and very poor, after suffering droughts and wars they have no resources left to cope with such an earthquake. The houses were very poor and couldnt withstand the shaking much housing had heavy roofing to insulate their houses which just collapsed killing people inside. Although the earthquake was not so powerful it was a shallow one occurring at a depth of 8km. Now comparing it with a wealthier place you can see the difference that money can make and buildings.Taiwan 30th March 2002 measured 7. 1 on the Richter scale so was more powerful than the Afghanistan one, and was at 10km deep so again was shallow this earthquake only killed 5 people. The Taiwan earthquake was significantly more powerful than the Afghanistan earthquake yet it caused far less loss of life, this was due to the fact that, many of the buildings were modern and coped well with the ground shaking, people were also aware of the dangers and had prepared themselves to minimize the dangers and damage to the properties.Taiwan is significantly wealthier than Afghanistan and its therefore better able to prepare and then to react after an earthquake. In conclusion 2 earthquakes of a similar magnitude might be expected to have similar effects but this is not always the case. Whilst there can be no doubt that a big powerful earthquake will caused a lot of damage wherever they occur, it seems to be the case that all things being capable LEDCs tend to suffer more than MEDCs.

Conformity Vs. Nonconformity Essay

Nonconformity is a force from wholenesss personalized egotism to step outside of the norm and bring a sense of individualistity to a world in which there is very little originality anymore. As a society, we are ruled by the media. They force their points of views down everyones throats without ones consciousness change surface acknowledging so. We walk past billboards, view commercials, peek around wholly of our social media websites, and all the while our minds are being bred to be biased towards a certain fashion, a certain point of view, as far as even a music choice which is most preferable. To step outside of this commonality in todays society to the eye doesnt have the appearance _or_ semblance too difficult. In everyones minds they are unique, original, and creative. What we dont notice is how this seems to be what everybody moots, yet the fashion, attitude, whatever is as a phase and a trend. To truly step outside is a great leap and its not simply acknowledging just how original you are, its to eff your life everyday in not simply the same consistency barely in such a way that you arent driven to hold out out or discipline in. Its a numbness to either side of the spectrum. Being able to cope and not be judged based upon an individuals nonconformity today is not as hard as it was in the past, however it is still picked upon.Its only natural to separate the one that does not belong, as seen in many animal species when an animal is bred with a genetic deformity causing it to not belong, thus being shunned by the ride out of the basic of the species. Today, even, one of the main controversies is homosexuality. Despite all the recent movements and reformities of the law, gay male and females are still ridiculed. Sometimes to the point of suicide or even such bizarre, violent bullying leading to near fatal wounds and mental scars. So in a sense, Ralph Waldo Emersons famous aphorism is correct. For non-conformity the world whips you with displeas ure. From personal experience, I cannot recall a certain point in time when my nonconformity has been looked down upon, however I do believe that I fit in such a space between conformity and nonconformity. If you were to judge based upon pure physical factors, I would say that I do not choose to dress myself in a way to stand out, simply on personal taste with a hint of outside influence. Mentally, I believe I do have an abstract method of speculateing. I enjoy questioning things and learning, which is growing moreuncommon in todays generation.Colleges operate to lean towards the unconventional way of thinking. later on a professor has read so and so many papers from his hundreds to thousands of students, things can get a arcsecond repetitive and uninteresting. A writing that stands out tends to create excitement with extra attention. This is how you show yourself, as a student, just the potential that you do harness. The ability to think outside of the box and express your thou ghts and perspective in a way that invokes thought is a way to prove not only that you understand yourself, but it also is a way to even provoke questions that would allow somebody to learn something new. However abundant and appreciated nonconformity may be in todays society in the novel Brave overbold World by Aldous Huxley, this approach to life is completely opposite. Within the Brave New World conformity is a method in which this society prospers and maintains control. From the time mass are born in this society they are taught how to think, what to believe, and where they belong. This method forces people to grow just exactly how the government wants them to grow. This society is controlled using various methods. If you feel any sort of emotion, which would then create individuality, you just take a Soma.This drug eliminates every feeling. If you feel sad, take a Soma. If you are overly excited or ambitious, take a Soma. Another method is how it is a norm to sleep around wit h other people frequently. In todays society if you practice free love or do not have emotionally attached sex then you are awfully judged and are pegged names that deem you somebody not to get close to. In Brave New World the opposite is so, and if you have sex with a person regularly you are then criticized. This operates control in order to purloin love from sex, for love is a feeling which would separate you in this world. John the Savage is an excellent example for what happens when a nonconformist steps foot into this society. After his displeasing trip, he tries to change the way things are run. He spreads word of how he was raised. Even hearing the word mother gives people there an self-conscious feeling because they were not raised, they were not nurtured, they were engineered. After all is said and done John is banished, but before he can reach that point he simply falls to depression causing his most unfortunate suicide at the end of the book. To conform is an easy task for the simple minded. It is a meagerly achievement to breeze through life withoutquestioning outside of what you are taught to accept. To go above and beyond displays a true thinker, someone worth memory for what they believed- a nonconformist.

Indian Business Environment Essay

AbstractOne of the study objectives of Indian banking sector reforms was to boost operational self-sufficiency, tractableness and competition in the establishment and to increase the banking standards in India to the internationalist best practices. The second phase of reforms began in 1997 with aim to reorganization measures, human jacket crown ontogeny, technological up-gradation, structural development which helped them for achieving popular benchmarks in terms of prudential norms and pre-eminent practices. This paper seeks to determine the impact of various market and regulatory initiatives on susceptibility melioratements of Indian banks.Efficiency of firm is measured in terms of its congenator cognitive process that is, energy of a firm relative to the efficiencies of firms in a sample. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has used to identify banks that are on the sidetrack frontier given the various inputs at their disposal. The present study is confined only to the Constant-Return-to-Scale (CRS) assumption of decision making units (DMUs). Variable returns to scale (VRS) assumption for estimating the efficiency was not attempted. It was found from the results that national banks, new private banks and unusual banks have showed high efficiency over a result time than remaining banks.II. Reforms and commiting systemIn the property liberalization-era, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has initiated quite a few measures to ensure safety and consistency of the banking system in the country and at the resembling point in time to support banks to play an effective role in accelerating the economic growth cognitive operation. One of the major objectives of Indian banking sector reforms was to encourage operational self-sufficiency, flexibility and competition in the system and to increase the banking standards in India to the international best practices 4. Although the Indian banks have contributed much in the Indian scrimping, trustworthy weaknesse s, i.e. turn cut in efficiency and erosion in profitability had developed in the system, observance in view these conditions, the Committee on m wizardtary System(CFS) was lay down. Reserve Bank of India has implemented banking sector reforms in two phases. The first reform focused on introduction of several prudential norms, major changes in the policy framework, and administration of private-enterprise(a) atmosphere.The second phase of reforms began in 1997 with aim to reorganization measures, human capital development, technological up-gradation, structural development which helped them for achieving universal benchmarks in terms of prudential norms and pre-eminent practices. The Financial sector reforms were undertaken in 1992 found on the recommendations of the CFS. Later, The Narsimham Committee has provided the proposal for reforming the pecuniary sector. The committee also argued that economic reforms in the real sector of economic system will, however, fail to realiz e their full potential without a parallel reform of the financial sector.It focused on several issues like, psychotherapeutic of to a greater extent funds to banks, deregulating in interest runs, capital adequacy, income recognition, disclosures and transparency norms etc. However, financial sector reforms focused on improving the belligerent efficiency of the banking system. The financial reform process has commenced since 1991 which was made the banking sector healthy, sound, tumefy- capitalized and become competitive. The competitive pressures to make better efficiency in the banking sector has resulted in a switch from traditionalistic paper based banking to electronic banking, use information technology and shift of emphasis from brick and mortar banking to use of ATMs.INDIAN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT IN BANKING effortIndian banking industry, the backbone of the countrys economy, has always played a key role in prevention the economic denouement from reaching revolting vol ume in the country. It has carry throughd enormous appreciation for its strength, particularly in the wake of the worldwide economic disasters, which pressed its worldwide counter move to the edge of fall down. If we compare the assembly line of top three banks in total assets and in terms of return on assets, the Indian banking system is among the healthier performers in the world. This sector is tremendously competitive and recorded as growth in the right trend (Ram Mohan, 2008). Indian banking industry has increased its total assets more than five times between show 2000 aThe overall development has been lucrative with enhancement in banking industry efficiency and productivity. It should be underlined here is financial turmoil which hit the western economies in 2008 and the disoblige effect widened to the majority of the other countries but Indian banking system survived with the distress and showed the stable performance.Indian banks have remained flexible even throughout the height of the sub-prime catastrophe and the subsequent financial turmoil. The Indian banking industry is measured as a flourishing and the secure in the banking world. The countrys economy growth rate by over 9 percent since last several years and that has made it regarded as the next economic power in the worldnd March 2010, The Indian banking industry is measured as a flourishing and the secure in the banking world. The countrys economy growth rate by over 9 percent since last several years and that has made it regarded as the next economic power in the world. Our banking industry is a mixture of public, private and overseas ownerships. The major dominance of commercial banks can be easily found in Indian banking, although the co-operative and regional rural banks have little craft segmentIn the post liberalization-era, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has initiated quite a few measures to ensure safety and consistency of the banking system in the country and at the same point in time to support banks to play an effective role in accelerating the economic growth process.One of the major objectives of Indian banking sector reforms was to encourage operational self-sufficiency, flexibility and competition in the system and to increase the banking standards in India to the international best practices. Although the Indian banks have contributed much in the Indian economy, certain weaknesses, i.e. turn down in efficiency and erosion in profitability had developed in the system, observance in view these conditions, the Committee on Financial System. Reserve Bank of India has implemented banking sector reforms in two phases. The first reform focused on introduction of several prudential norms, major changes in the policy framework, and formation of competitive atmosphere. The second phase of reforms began in 1997 with aim to reorganization measures, human capital development, technological up-gradation, structural development which helped them for achieving unive rsal benchmarks in terms of prudential norms and pre-eminent practices.The Financial sector reforms were undertaken in 1992 based on the recommendations of the CFS. Later, The Narsimham Committee has provided the proposal for reforming the financial sector. The committee also argued that economic reforms in the real sector of economy will, however, fail to realize their full potential without a parallel reform of the financial sector. It focused on several issues like, releasing of more funds to banks, deregulation in interest rates, capital adequacy, income recognition, disclosures and transparency norms etc. However, financial sector reforms focused on improving the competitive efficiency of the banking system. The financial reform process has commenced since 1991 which was made the banking sector healthy, sound, well- capitalized and become competitive. (CFS) was lay down. Liberalisation of Indias banking sector Liberalisation of Indias banking sector begun since 1992, following the Narasimhan Committees Report (December 1991) beta recommendations of the Committee were i reduction of statutory pre-emptions (SLR and CRR)ii deregulation of the interest ratesiii opening up the sector to foreign and domestic private banks iv adoption of prudential regulations relating to capital adequacy, asset classication and provisioning standardsService firms such as ITC Hotels and ANZ Grindlays Bank found direct marketing very effective in retailing customers and weathering competition. The Indian banking system is growing in a robust manner. The Indian banking system complies with international standards of prudential regulation. The Indian banking system is opening up for entry of foreign banks. Despite the growth, Indian banking system is not entirely inclusive. There is good opportunities for the banking industry domestic and foreign for expansion to ll the gap.A cristal after the Narasimham report was published and in the light of new challenges from the norm s laid down by the WTO and Basel II, it is self-assertive to have a close look at the performance of banks in the last decade or so to assess the success of the reform process. INDIA inherited a very weak banking system following Independence. However, the nationalisation programme (1969) helped this sector achieve remarkable success in many respects. The stability among depositors, penetration into rural India and the consequent reduction in poverty and diversification out of agriculture were slightly of its laudable achievements. Given the predominantly bank based nature of financial system, the banking industry gained the reputation of one of the most cherished in the country.However, in the nineties a chain of events such as introduction of modern technologies, competition from new players in the liberalised market place, and enhanced emphasis on governance to protect shareholder interest changed the way banks conducted business. The Indian banking sector with its diversity o f ownerships render Bank of India and its associates, nationalised banks, private domestic banks and foreign banks also faced a confusable set of challenges. Although the public sector banks acquired a dominant presence thanks to the regulatory environment, several of them performed poorly in the late 1980s. To preserve the soundness of the financial system, especially the banking segment, the Government set up the Narasimham Committee.The Committee (in 1991) made far-reaching recommendations that formed the basis of banking reforms. Some of the comprehensive reform measures suggested included Stricter income recognition and asset classification, high capital adequacy ratio, phased deregulation of interest rate, lowering statutory liquidity ratio (SLR) and cash reserve ratio (CRR), entry deregulation, and branch-de-licensing. These measures mainly aim to improve the efficiency/profitability of banking industry. A decade and half after the Narasimham report was published and in t he light of the World Trade Organisation and Basel II norms, it is imperative to have a close look at the performance of banks in the last decade or so to assess the success of the reform process. death penalty indicatorsCommonly-used measures to assess the performance of the banking industry are Return on Asset (ROA), Operating Profit Ratio (OPR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Operating be Ratio (OCR) and Staff Expenditure Ratio (SER). The first two are generally considered profitability measures, while the others, the efficiency indices. These five measures have been considered in this compendium for two sub-periods Pre-liberalisation (1992-1995) and post-liberalisation (2000-2003). The total number of banks considered for two sub-periods were 64 (eight State Banks, 19 nationalised banks, 19 private banks and 18 foreign banks) and 87 (8, 19, 28 and 32 respectively).boilersuit performance ameliorationA comparison of performance indices during the study period reveals that the refor m measures helped to improve the overall performance of industry. This is reflected in the improvement of all performance indicators barring the net interest margin (see Table). Interestingly, the ROA, treated as a proxy for bump-adjusted return, increased from (-) 0.28 per cent in the pre-liberalisation period to 0.79 per cent (against more than 1 per cent in other merging markets such as Singapore, Malaysia and Korea) post-liberalisation, indicating a significant rise in the ability of banks to convert their assets into net earnings. Another provoke aspect is that despite a marginal fall in the net interest margin from 2.84 to 2.73 (which might be due to policy change), the banking industry has managed to improve its OPR by increasing its non-interest fee-based income and reducing its operating costs/ faculty expenses.The evidence indicates that after the reform initiation period, the banks have increasingly been providing off balance tabloid items such as derivatives, which ge nerate major part of non-interest income. The proportion of operating costs/staff expenses has declined mainly due to computerisation and the voluntary retirement scheme. The property rights theorists recall that the private banks are more efficient than their counterparts in the public sector. This view is corroborated by the public choice theorists who argue that the specific X inefficiency factors are more prevalent in the public sector, irrespective of market conditions. Further, many cross-country findings report an increased government ownership as a deterrent to the development of the banking system.The Indian banking scenario seems to be consistent with the above, as the privately owned (foreign as well as domestic) banks seem to be superior to their public counter parts with respect to all performance indicators except the NIM. Despite a fall in their OPR and NIM between 1992-95 and 2000-03, the private banks successfully managed to reduce their operating expenditures, par ticularly the staff expenditures, thereby successfully maintaining their status. Among private banks, the foreign banks seem to be superior in terms of three out of five the criteria used.Within the public domain, the State Banks draw to be superior with respect to ROA, OCR and SER, while the nationalised banks seem to show better performance in terms of OPR and NIM. Thus, although there is a significant improvement in the overall performance of banks as one moves from the post-reform period to the late-reform period, one finds certain anomalies such as a fall in the NIM (except in the slipperiness of the nationalised banks), a fall in the ROA of private domestic banks, a reduction in the OPR of private domestic and foreign banks and a rise in the OCR/SER of foreign banks.Convergence or divergenceApart from the overall improvement across the board, another important criterion to evaluate the success story is to check whether the competitive force has led to any convergence in the performance of different ownership groups in the post-liberalisation period. Exposure to the competitive forces is often argued as a catholicon to shake poorly performing banks out of their slumber. Although the public banks compared poorly with private banks during the initial period, they made a significant improvement in the later period by responding well to the new challenges of competition and consolidation, mostly following a gradual and cautious approach.The pay off is well reflected in the increase in their ROA, OPR and NIM. Some possible reasons for the better performance of public banks could be they still undertake most of the government borrowing programmes, thereby generating significant fee based income the market discipline imposed by the listing of most public sector banks has also probably contributed to this improved performance and the reform measures have changed their business strategies particularly greater diversification of non-fund based business and emer gence of treasury and foreign exchange business. The study reveals that the OPR across four ownership groups tend to converge.The NIM tend to converge across private and public sectors while the OCR continues to remain significantly different across ownership groups. The above analyses indicate that the banking sector performs reasonably well with respect to the goals set by the Narasimham Committee, particularly in the context of the poorly performing banks and showing some encouraging signs to meet the Basel II norms by 2006. However, one should not go over board in reading these numbers to evaluate the success of the Indian banking sector, particularly from the perspective of a developing economy such as ours.Policy-makers should be extra cautious in giving free a reign to the banking sector in pursuing profit and risk based strategies. Recent trends in non-synergy based consolidation, growing disinclination to lend money towards productive purposes and to the unprofitable sector s such as agriculture, self-help groups, infrastructure and to small and mean(a) sized enterprises, its growing engagement in non-productive treasury operations and conspicuous consumer lending will seriously impair the role of banks as public instruments of development. Therefore, maintaining a balance between these two objectives will remain a challenge to the banking sector for some time to come.Bibliography-* www.thehindubusinessline.com* iimahd.ernet.in/assets/snippets/*

Qualitative and Qualitative Research Methods in Early Childhood Education Essay

The need for scientific look regularityologies that would bring about accurate and analytic look into findings and results declare put early childhood cultivation scholars and inquiryers into the question of whether quantitative or soft methodology would best fit in the studies of phenomena (Shavelson and Towne, 2002). Needless to say, the controversy in the early education research literature concerns the need for reli equal to(p) and validated research studies in score to contribute to the existing literature as well as to aid in the polity making of educational institutions and the government (Cobb, et.al. , 2003). However, the cut down of using the quantitative or qualitative methods are unperturbed ambiguous for most educational researchers particularly on the issue of which is more scientific between the deuce (Berliner, 2002). This paper examines 2 research holds on early childhood education specifically on the procession and acceptance of immature children of their disabled peers in early childhood education. Specifically, the focus of this paper is on the methodological approach of the devil articles (quantitative vs.qualitative) and how these articles have contributed to the literature and understanding on the topic. Methods of query in azoic puerility Education The approaches for the furtherance for the acceptance of youthful children on their peers who are disabled have been an all-important(a) issue in the inclusion of children with disabilities in regular early childhood education classroom. Two studies using two different research methodologies had explored the attitudes of young children as well as the means of improving their acceptance on young disabled children.The first study conducted by Favarazza, Phillipsen and Kumar (2000) apply quantitative and qualitative research in answering the problem whereas Batchelor and Taylor (2005) had employ the qualitative approach al ane. Using the credenza Scale for Kindergarten (A SK), Favazza, Phillipsen and Kumar (2000) interviewed 48 kindergarten students and utilise pre-tests, post-tests and follow up in order to provide a reliable quantitative entropy from the goal-directed sampling that was d whiz. The data obtained from their study were then collated and a quantitative knowledge psychology was made.Consequently, a qualitative data analysis was made from the responses on the interviews that were conducted from the researchers. Hence, the authors used what is termed as the multi-method research approach wherein, quantitative data is affirm and further analyzed through the use of qualitative data. The research findings revealed that teachers and their activities in the classroom cornerstone importantly trespass on the levels of acceptance of young children on their disabled peers.On the early(a) hand, Batchelor and Taylor (2005) drawing upon the fictional character study of a four year old with a moderate developmental disability had utilise inte rviews, observation through the employment of programs such as the Stay, Play and Talk as well as loving integration activities. Before the impact of the program was measured, the researchers had developed a baseline data in order to examine the degree of differences in the attitude of the children and the four year old subject on her peers.The study revealed that social intervention programs can promote a more incontrovertible attitude from young children on their disabled peers as well as disabled childrens attitude towards their peers. Primarily, the similarity of Favarazza, Phillipsen and Kumars (2000) and Batchelor and Taylors (2005) articles includes their use of interviews in order to expound and further analyze the data they have on hand. For instance, both authors had interviewed the teachers of the children in order to determine the attitudes of the children on their disabled peers.Second, both articles had used observation in their analysis- while Batchelor and Taylor ( 2000) had used observation more extensively than avarazza, Phillipsen and Kumars (2000), their registered observations were significant part of their analysis of the issue. Finally, the result of the studies of both articles is similar that the attitudes of young children on their disabled peers are positively influenced by the social interaction programs that are implemented by the teachers and the schools.Consequently, both articles contributed greatly to the understanding of the ways to promote positive attitude in inclusive early childhood education programs. While there had been similarities between the two articles, there are more differences in terms of orientation and methodological approach. First, Favarazza, Phillipsen and Kumar (2000) used a qualitative-quantitative method of inquiry- employing both quantitative and qualitative method through the use of a standardized scene (ASK survey), interviews and observation.On the other hand, Batchelor and Taylor (2005) utilized the qualitative approach alone employing a case study approach of one four-year-old girl. Hence, the primary instrument used in their study is observation and report notes including interviews made to the teachers of the child. With the different methods used, the article of Batchelor and Taylor (2005) provided a more in-depth study in the mental and social impact of social activities in the promotion of positive attitude of young children on their disabled peers.For instance, Batchelor and Taylor (2005) were able to discuss and prise the responses of the child on specific activities at different points in time. Hence, the degree of the exploration of the authors on the childs psychological aspect has been deeper than the results outlined in the study of Favarazza, Phillipsen and Kumar (2000). However, while the case study rendered a better tidings of the psycho-social impact of social activities programs, the study of Favarazza, Phillipsen and Kumar (2000) provides a broader and more world(a) view of childrens responses to their disabled peers. outline from forty eight (48) respondents, the authors were able to capture not just an individual response but alternatively a more generalized response. The use of a bigger population is necessary in order to plot differences and similarities in attitudes- something that was not accomplished in the study of Batchelor and Taylor (2005). Consequently, the use of a standardized survey served not just an empirical purpose but also a theoretical purpose. The study of Favarazza, Phillipsen and Kumar (2000) was able to validate the ASK survey.Hence, the study provided not only empirical conditional relation but theoretical significance as well. Second, the quantitative-qualitative approach of Favarazza, Phillipsen and Kumar (2000) can be considered to be more rigorous and hence, more scientific than that of Batchelor and Taylors (2005) study. This is because the study of the former had used pre-tests, post-tests as we ll as follows up tests in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the survey measure in determining the validity of the opinions expressed in the survey questionnaire.Consequently, the perspectives that were solicited in the study of Favarazza, Phillipsen and Kumar (2000) had come from several numbers of students and teachers while that of Batchelor and Taylors came from some teachers and one student alone. content it to say, the attitude of the young children on their disabled counterparts cannot be accurately described and explained by the teachers- it is the students themselves who can accurately express their perceptions and feelings. However, it should be noted that both studies had been objective in recording their observations through careful record keeping.Finally, as concurred by Batchelor and Taylor (2005) in their study, the case study is limited in scope because it only employed one child hence, the need to further explore the topic by including more children. On the oth er hand, there is a need for Favarazza, Phillipsen and Kumar (2000) to provide a more detailed study on the psycho-social impact of social promotion programs of the children. The method of employing record keeping and direct observation by Batchelor and Taylor (2000) had been effective and important measures in order to provide a deeper psycho-social analysis of young children.Analysis Qualitative and quantitative research methods had been traditionally been seen as poles apart in terms of administration, instruments used as well as the depth and degree of analysis that they contribute in education researches. However, while the difference between these two methods had been say in earlier literature, contemporary research methods in education (McMillan, 2008) recognizes that quantitative and qualitative research methods can be used in conjunction with one other- one can actually validate the other.Hence, multi-method or the use of both qualitative and quantitative research methods had gained acceptance in the literature. In this paper, we have examined the similarities as well as the differences of a qualitative-quantitative research versus that of a purely qualitative research. The result showed that the qualitative-quantitative research provided a broader discussion of young childrens acceptance of their peers than its purely qualitative counterpart.Consequently, the qualitative-quantitative method was able to provide a more generalizable study because of the scope of its respondents whereas the qualitative study through the use of case study of one person is limited- particularly on the issue that it cannot be argued that it is representative of the population. Moreover, a case study would be highly dependent on the individuality of the participant hence the result would more likely be different with a person in the same situation.However, in the quantitative-qualitative study, the validity of the findings are more general and hence, more acceptable becaus e it was not confined to one person alone but on a sample that is representative of a given population. While the quantitative-qualitative approach is generally seen as more valid, the qualitative study of Batchelor and Taylor (2005) provided deeper analysis on the behavior and the changes that can be made on a young child. By focusing on one person, the authors were able to provide a holistic approach in studying the psychological responses of the child in social interaction programs and activities.Quantitative and qualitative approaches both have their strengths and weaknesses- the goal of early childhood researches are to determine the most appropriate method to be used in the questions that are being ask. Suffice it to say, there is no inferior or superior research method but rather it would depend on the science, objectiveness and the devotion of the researchers to answer the questions. Hence, valuable scientific findings can be found in both modes of inquiry. References Batche lor, D. and Taylor, H.(2005) Social Inclusion-The Next Step User-Friendly Strategies to crowd Social Interaction and Peer Acceptance of Children with Disabilities. Australian Journal of Early Childhood. 30 (1). Berliner, D. C. (2002) Educational Research The hardest science of all. Educational Researchers. 31 (8) 18-20. Cobb, P. , Confrey, J. , diSessa, A. , Lehrer, R. and Chasuble, L. (2003) Design experiments in educational research. Educational Researchers. 32 (1) 9-13. Favazza, P. , Phillipsen, L. and Kumar, P.(2000) Measuring and Promoting Acceptance of Young Children with Disabilities. Exceptional Children. 66 (1). Harper, L V, & McCluskey, K. S. (2003). Teacher-child and child-child interactions in inclusive preschool settings Do adults inhibit peer interactions? Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 18, 163-184. McMillan, J. H. (2008) Educational research fundamentals for the consumer. 5th Ed. New York Longman Shavelson, R. J. and Towne, L. (2002) Scientific research in educa tion. Washington D. C. National Academy Press.

Mini-Case – Finance

In order to decide on an initial public offering price, we must fancy at the latest financial position of the guild, as well as make projections for possible future day scenarios. From the data given, we know that Prairie Home Stores (PHS) has a current book lever of $80,000,000. With 400,000 outstanding theatrical roles, the book honor per share is $200. There are two possible paths for future performance to consider. The first, a constant addition scenario, tolerates that PHS will continue on its current trajectory of paying out 2/3 of its compensation as dividends, and retaining the other 2/3 to grow the business.In this scenario, we will continue the troupes suppuration rate of 5%, with no change in plowback or dividends. In this scenario, price per share is inflexible by the current dividends, divided by (r-g) The value of the company will be equal to the premise value of all future cash flows ( i. e. dividend payments) that investors expect to receive. Constant proceeds scenario EPS 2013 = $ 12,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $ 30. 00 have equity per share in 2013 = $80,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $200. 00 per share Dividends paid out per share in 2013 = $ 8,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $ 20. 00 per share Payout ratio in 2013 = $ 20. 0 (DIV2013) / $ 30 (EPS 2013) = 0. 67 Plowback ratio 2013 = $10. 00 (RE per share 2013) / $ 30. 00 (EPS 2013) = 0. 33 Sustainable process rate = 0. 15 (rate of return) x 0. 33 (plowback ratio) = 5 % Price per share 2012 = DIV2013/(r-g) = $20/(11%-5% ) = $ 333. 33 $ 333. 33 price per share x 400,000 shares = $ 133,333,333 value of the company in 2012 P/E ratio = $ 333. 33( price per share) / 30 (EPS) = 11. 11 quick Growth Scenario Since Price = DIV / r-g, and there are no dividends paid in the course of studys 2013 2016, we can lead the value of the company in 2016 and discount it to obtain the Present value in 2012.EPS 2017 = $21,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $52. 50 Book equity per share 2017 = $139,900,000 / 400 ,000 shares = $349. 75 Dividends paid out per share 2017 = $14,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $35. 00 Payout ratio in 2017 = $ 35. 00 (DIV per share 2017) / $ 52. 50 (EPS 2017) = 0. 67 Plowback ratio in 2017 = $ 17. 50 (RE in 2017) / 52. 50 (EPS in 2017) = 0. 33 Sustainable harvest-feast rate = 0. 15 (rate of return) x 0. 33 (plowback ratio) = 5 % Price per share in 2016= $35. 00 (DIV 2017) / 0. 06 (r g)= $583. 33 allows discount it to 2012 value Financial calculator FV = 583. 33 N = 4, I/Yr = 11% PV = 384. 5 price per share in 2012 384. 25 x 400,000 shares = 153,700,000 value of the company in 2012 under quick growth Conclusion Rapid growth scenario promises higher stock price, so it should be chosen. PVGO amid the previous example and this one 153,700,000 133,333,333 = 20,366,667 Under both scenarios, current price per share is more than $200. at a time heres my calculations Constant growth scenario Assuming a 15% required return P0 = DIV1 / (r-g) = $20 / (. 15 . 05) = $20/ . 1 = $200 Assuming an 11% required return, well have P0 = DIV1 / (r-g) = $20 / (. 11 . 05) = $20/. 06 = $333. 33In the constant growth scenario, the stock is valued at $200 if we assume a 15% anticipate return, and $333. 33 if we assume 11% expected return. Now, in the rapid growth scenario, things get thus far more exciting. I think that 2017/2020 is the horizon year, because its AFTER that point when the growth goes down to 5%. In paragraph 6, the problem states would require reinvestment of all of Prairie Homes earnings from 2016 to 2019. After that the company could resume its normal dividend payout and growth. your books years20122013201420152016201720182019 my books years20152016201720182019202020212022 year 01234567 arnings growth from previous year4. 6%15%15%15%15%5%5% dividend0000$35$36. 75$38. 59 todayH NB neither book shows 2019 or 2022, but we know that the beginning of the year figures are the same as the end of year figures for the previous year, so thats where I got those. Ultimately, it doesnt really matter Im just reinforcing the point that we turn into a constant growth scenario beginning with year 6. Our non-constant growth model says this PV = D1/(1+r)1 + D2 / (1+r)2 + + DH / (1+r)H + PH / (1+r)H and we get PH with this formula PH = Dt+1 / (r-g) The dividends for the foreseeable future (years 1 4) will all be 0, so hose first poetry will add up to 0. We know that the dividend at the horizon year year 5 is $35. The expected future price of the stock at year 5 will be P5 = D6 / (r-g) Plugging in meter there, we have P5 = $36. 75 / (. 15 . 05) = $36. 75/. 1 = $367. 50 Again, thats assuming a 15% required return. consequently the third part of the process is to add up all of those numbers, discounting them to the present value P0 = D1 + D2 + D3 + D4 + D5 / (1. 15)5 + P5 / (1. 15)5 = 0 + (35 + 367. 5) / (1. 15)5 = 402. 5/(1. 15)5 Or on the calculator FV = 402. 50, I/YR = 15, N=5, PV = $200. 11 Then we go to the 11% required return .There, well see that P5 = D6 / (r-g) = $36. 75 / (. 11 . 05) = $612. 50 And then P0 = D1 + D2 + D3 + D4 + D5 / (1. 11)5 + P5 / (1. 11)5 = 0 + (35 + 612. 50) / (1. 11)5 = (Calculator FV = 647. 50, I/YR = 11, N = 5, PV = $384. 26) In the rapid growth scenario, the stock is valued at $200. 11 if we assume a 15% expected return, and $384. 26 if we assume 11% expected return. This is the point where I fudge to you, or we can talk about this more tomorrow. Our math says to price the stock somewhere in the midst of $200 and $384, but how do we choose? I get the sense that you understand that better than I do, so I can use your input for sure.We believe that Prairie Home Stores should value the stock at $384. xx because we should choose the We recommend choosing the rapid growth scenario, plowback more earnings into growing the company, and set the IPO price as $384. whatever. Our prospectus will show that we intend to invest more of our earnings into growing the company over the next 4 years, and as a result investors and the market will relief a price of $384. We chose to use 11% as our expected rate of return, because this is the rate shown in the ledger of Finance as being the rate offered by other, equally risky stocks in the same exertion as Prairie Home Stores.The PVGO is $153,700,000 133,333,333 = $20,366,667. This indicates that the company has room to grow, which will be attractive to investors. Investors believe that under the rapid growth scenario. According to our calculations, Mr. Breezeway was wise to counsel his son( ) to not sell the stock for $200, as we believe that the company is worth more than current BOOK VALUE PER SHARE include something about this. $200 per the current values (this is what the whoever dude offered the son), but our calculations show that the company is more valuable than the $200 price indicates.

Colors of Love Essay

They pronounce in recognize nonhing is impossible. Height, weight, distance and of course age is just a damn number. To recognize is a great feeling al iodine to be sack outd is a much greater feeling. only its hard to be hurt, that feeling c be when your hearts gonna burst and while in pain, youre just crying and crying and crying. The first time I saw him, I was starstrucked Wow, hes so t wholly and kinda handsome. Does he sire all talent and is he that shiny enough? If he does, then hes already When my cosmosikinmates and I began to study with him the girls were interchangeable Oh my gosh they started to like him. If only I could, tsk I murmured. At first, I scene that love isnt true because construe then studying and feebleness versa atomic number 18 the things I only do, because my goals be to finish my studies in the surpass university, then to keep a job with a high salary, and to have my own family, as simple(a) as that.We are non really rich just rich alone. My mother is a pervert in fact she belongs to the family of doctors, while my father is an engineer and a president in one of the biggest hotel and gambling casino present in the Philippines. They both met in Europe while having a vacation in Switzerland. My family own a lot of businesses and properties worldwide. But, yet though, I can live without working, I still wanna pursue my dreams on my own. I have an older child and shes eight years older than me, unless we are still very close. She is my best friend and handstor. She has no boyfriend I mean she doesnt have a boyfriend anymore.By the way enough with my life, lets go back to my story. after a while I get to k instantly him and to my surprise he doesnt have any girlfriend. The more we have conversations the more I fall to him. Then one day, he uttered all the characteristics he wished for a girl. Of course I want an honest and loyal in a way that she wont flirt with others, responsible, kind-hearted, loving and sweet cause I want a girl who can take good sustainment of me, gifted, has a great sense of humour, since I adoptt want a boring girl and she should k in a flash how to make me smile and laugh, knows how to cook well, fine and with a killer smile and as well a prayerful one. He utter that while happy. split on His voice is so attractive. The way he smiled make me speechless I mumbled. Then jokingly he asked me.How more or less you what do you want for a guy? I want a guy who loves me a lot, and only me alone, protective and concerned only if non in a way that Ill not be suffocated, I want a guy who allots his time for me, I also wants who loves me not with what I have but with who I am, an honest one that leave not hurt and give me pain, hold up and watertight and ready to stand-up for me, of course I also think rough our proximo, so that, I want a smart, resourceful and an industrious one. The looks and talent should be at that place also but macrocosm taller th an me and a sport minded one is an edge. Whoa You are still young but you think and jut out deeper than me, on the other hand, is it really possible that we can find the one for us that has the attitudes we like? Yes, if idol and the future will be good to us. But God wont give us the things we wanted, but, instead, He bestows us the things we needed. Youre right by the way I have a class to go through to. Just study first, your too young for love.When I got home, I was like an idiot smiling and laughing alone. Until my sister noticed me, she asked Hey, wherefore are you smiling like a freak there? Want to share? Is it about your lovelife? Ye But I want to share my story to you first sanction Do you know that my ex-boyfriends cousin has a friend. Then his friend has a brother that I saw a while ago in one of our stores together with JJ, my ex- boyfriend. He introduced Grey to me and vice versa. Grey is the perfect for an ideal boyfriend. Wow, hes name is like mines its so manly too. So a guy is the cause of your smile right? yeah be you in love? No It has only been five months since we met. Denying is also lying right? So are you lying to me? Ok, fine Ill gonna sleep Ok, Purps good nightThe next day we take again and talked about the girl he likes. You know what shes so kind, even though, we just cognise each other for a short period of time. I think that I like her, but I shouldnt be.Huh? But why? No, neermind Wait are we considered as close friends already? Of course. I think we are more than close, we are best friends. rightfully? Arent we awkward? Of course not We are not doing anything bad naman ah Okay, its my turn now, do you know that theres a guy I like? Whoa Really do you have a love life now? Laughingly I utter Lovelife in an instant, cant I have any slosh first? By the way, aside from his looks, he also dances naturally plus hes smart also Really? If that so, he would be very lucky. He answered in a low impression of voice. Why? Oops, the bell already rang. Okay, catch yah later Tsk. Crap thats it na nga eh Hell gonna tell the reason. BadtripI went home so late because of the plenty requirements my teachers gave plus I have so some(prenominal) things to bring Then my friends went home early and my driver cant fetch me because he has to attend his sons wedding tonight This is an unlucky day. I really dont want to ride in a cab and Im not used to commute alone. As I was waiting for a cab to arrive someone shouted Hey I looked back and said Oh, its you I thought you already went home Yeah, I was walking straight to my apartment but I saw your driver near the church. So I hurriedly go back here to check if you already have gone home.Let me have your things, Im gonna accompany you, so that, I am ensured that you will be safe. I was really so flattered about the things he said and didnt have the chance to answer him back or even thank him. After an time of day of standing there, he finally decided that we should tak e a jeepney. As we sit upon, the people are all staring and were like Seriously? Since I am really tired I just about fall asleep, he hugged me, so that, my head will be supported. An ensuing silence between us two was felt. And as the driver said the destination, I hurriedly thank him and got down the jeep. Take care he shouted. And I replied him with a smile.As I am walking a group of men suddenly grabbed my hair and pointed me with a knife. I tried to scream but they are too strong for me. My things fell off on my hands. I am really scared, there was nothing that I could do, but to cry and cry as they were unbuttoning my blouse, I am really hopeless. But out of the blue, I hear gunshots, and as I open my eyes, all I can see darkness, and a man draining a yellow shirt, but I didnt have the chance to thank him or even see his face.The next thing I know is that it is already morning and Im in a hospital, my things are also there too. The nurses already contacted the number in my I .D. They said that a man named Y.L. brought me there. I am fine and still not touched, although I got some bruises. Purps texted me that she cant flummox because her tribal chief didnt still arrive in the office, she just advised me to call my driver quickly, so that, I can already rest. As we arrived in our house, I quickly sleep, and when I woke up my sister texted me that she cant go home early, because she have to visit her boss in the hospital who had been shell up and has deep stab.The next day, I ignore everyone, as if Im the only one living in this world, and I pay no attention even to my bestfriend. Hey are you okay? What happened why were you absent yesterday? he asked when I was about to ride in the car. Im unforgiving Im really tired. Im not in the mood to talk about anything today. I answered. As Manong Fred is preparing to start the engine, I heard my bestfriend whispered. Is she okay? Is it my fault? I really drip her a lot.It has been weeks since we had our last convo. He texts, calls and even send me cards to know my situation, although I really valuate his efforts, I still avoided him, I just dont know why Im doing this to him, maybe Im just blaming him to what had happened to me. Today, a month before my birthday, Purps told me something. Sis, do you come back my boss? Yeah? Well he was the one who saved you last month from those maniacs. Really, howd you know? He accidentally saw your picture on my phone and told me the story. But why didnt he verbalise up? It is because he had a deep cut and needed an operation quickly, thats why you had phone line stains on your uniform right? Oh. But why is he strolling around our village? He will pick me up because we had a date that night actually until now we are dating. By the way, do you still remember Grey? Kinda? Well, hes Y.Ls brother and hes teaching in your school, in fact hes real name is Derrick Kryp.Those words of Purps made me speechless. I am really strike. WhaWhat did you trans late? Because Grey or Sir Rick is the one I love. Really? Whoa Actually I asked Y.L to bring Grey together with him, for you two to meet each other, but to my surprised Im the one who needs to know my sisters love more. I have nothing to do but to be amazed, cause we are so connected with each other. Red, they also have a little sister named Gelai or Green. Isnt it amazing our names just like them are like colors? Yeah, it is. In any minute theyll be here. And Im not yet ready to face them.Then they arrived, and as we ride the car, no one speaks, as if the quartette of us dont know each other. Rick and I are seemed to be very surprised of what is going on, then an ensuing silence was heard To bring out the mood, Y.L began to speak How are you now Red? Arent you traumatized? Then Rick started to ponder Huh? Whats going on? Are you two knew each other? What traumatized? Yeah, Y.L, Im much better now than last month. By the way, thank you very much. I answered. Then Purps replied to Ri cks question. Y.L was the person who saved my sister from those maniacs who essay to rape her last month. Really? Red, is that the reason why you had avoided me these past weeks? Are you really okay now? Rick asked me, but I didnt answered.When we arrived in the restaurant, Purps reserved as another table. Red, why didnt you tell me about that incident? You know what Im really mad that you arent public lecture to me last month. Im really sorry, I just didnt want to talk about it and maybe Im too scared of what had happened. I really miss you Red, I thought that you are about to forget me, without knowing the reason why. I missed you too Derrick, but remember that I wont forget you, youll always be in my heart. Red, I love you, I love you more than anything else in this world. I even love you more than my life. Those words of him made me wordless, I feel like I has been struck by a lightning, my heart beats so loyal and I feel like I am jumping in the cloud nine, Ive never felt th is feeling before.What? Are you crazy? Im a graduating highschool student who is deep inlove with her teacher, and 15 year-old girl who has a relationship with her educator. What will others say to us? What will be our future? Really, do you also love me? I dont care what will others will say to us, as long as we are both happy of what we are doing and we arent hurting others. Ill just resign being a teacher after you had graduated and work for my brother in our company, is it okay with you? Yeah, as long as we will be together legally. I really love you. He suddenly hugged me and whispered unto my ears the words I love to hear everyday I love you and I will always do.We will be legalized after I graduated dont worry, just wait for a month and you can call me your girl and not your student anymore. Of course, for you Ill do everything.

Globalization and Accountability Essay

A better quality of life has been the objective of societies and nations. This has been pursued since the ancient times to the pbegrudge. close to one hundred years in the beginning the Trojan wars, Minos, mythical son of Zeus, organized a communal society in the island of Crete. For centuries, universal justice and virtue reigned in the island. Conditions were similar to the fabulous Shangrila of the Lost Horizon. It was bid a paradise for the flock. They contri scarceed their individual ideas, talents, skills, and labor to the community for its outgrowth, and for he good of all its members.The needs of the community were justly supplied, and they were happy and contented. Plato, the Greek philosopher, designed an ideal state in his book, The Republic. He proposed common self-control of properties as a general rule. The concept of equality of Plato was further improved by Christian doctrines. However, more than active and courageous social reformers emerged into the limelight during the age of Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution. Rousseau, Fourier, Bentham, Owen and Marx were the more prominent among them.They upset the social aspects of the bailiwick order, such as co operation, perfectibility of valet nature, and different human virtues. The clamor for equality was non only political but also stinting and social. The abuses of the capitalists and landlords, and the great disparities in income and wealth were the primary targets of reformers. The aforesaid(prenominal) frugal and social problems still pervade in umpteen an(prenominal) development countries. Throughout the history of the development of nations, only rattling few beget become rich, such as those in North the States and Western Europe.Most of the poor countries be found in Africa, Asia and Latin America. In terms of goods and services, the cracking between the poor and the rich countries has become wider and wider. In view of the presence of modern transportation and commu nication, leaders of the poor countries eat seen the tremendous prosperity of the rich countries. As a give, people from poor countries fall in developed the tendency to emulate the rich countries- their economies, technologies, ways of life, and even the architecture of their contributes and buildings.However, some intellectuals have k immediately the disadvantage of such colonial mentality. They have crusaded for economic nationalism to free their countries from the exploitations of the rich counties- and from the weaknesses of their own people. industrial enterprise has been their dream of solving their persistent problems interchangeable poverty, insecurity, and excess population. Even Nehru of India claimed that real progress must finally depend on industrialization. Every nation, rich or poor, has economic problems. However, these be more serious and general in poor countries.Economic problems do exist because of two fundamental facts resources atomic number 18 limi ted and human wants ar unlimited. Human wants can non possibly be all satisfied because resources are scarce. For example, every family wants a house and a farm. This is not possible in many countries, particularly in slight developed countries. In fact, most countries cannot even meet the most basic needs of their people like food, clothing, and shelter. In the baptismal font of the United States of America, the people are capable of satisfying their essential needs. If some groups cannot, it is the organization that provides them with basic goods and services. offbeat programs and other social security benefits are made available to the less fortunate, and to the aged. But still, rich countries have economic problems. People, human as they are, are not ultimately satisfied with the consumption of basic goods only. Naturally, they place for a steeper standard of living. And it is the responsibility of the economic ashes to help the people acquire it. The economic system of any nation has different factors that are being con alignred in order to establish and disperse greater economic opportunities (Soros, 2002).Globalization The remarkable progress in communication and transportation has exposed the high standard of living of a globalized nation. Through foreign travels, consummationicals, and movies the peoples of the less developed countries have seen the many tremendous and modern things which have been created by an industrial society like the United States of America, France or Japan. In contrast, many leaders of the third world countries have realized the big difference in their still unmannerly products of development.Thus, their impressions of a globalized and industrialized economy have further improved. Henceforth, in that location has been a strong clamor among many of the third world countries for globalisation. For years, this has been their aspiration. Through globalization, they believe they can eliminate the problems of poverty, insecurity, and overpopulation. No less than the great Indian statesman Nehru said that real progress must ultimately depend on globalization (Thompson & Strickland, 2003). However, globalization or globalizing a less developed coarse is certainly not an easy task.There are great obstacles along the long path of globalization. It is not only massive capital, modern technology, competent management, and proficient labor that are required. Well developed commercial sectors are also needed. And of course, the most important want for globalization is the restructuring of values and institutions in society. In spite of the formidable barriers to globalized development, it is not completely impossible for a less developed body politic to globalized economy. There were several poor nations which became industrial economies.They were able to conquer an near impossible dream through a vigorous and sincere implementation of economic, social, and political reforms. Former countries like England, Germany and the United States of America met fewer difficulties in globalizing their economies because of most favorable economic and political conditions. There are several playes being followed in terms of modern growth brought about by the system and tenet of globalization. It must be noted that globalization among the developed countries did not happen overnight. Prior to their globalization, they experience mixed changes and improvement.The following are the most notable 1. Economic, social, and political institutions were restructured to pave the way towards globalization and industrialization. 2. There was a rapid technological improvement. 3. Factors of production like capital, labor, and entrepreneurial scheme were made to be more antiphonary to globalization and industrialization. 4. Substantial improvement in transportation, communication, and electrification were undertaken. 5. Social facilities and services were increased. 6. Agricultural and commercial indus tries became variable.The aforementioned developments were greatly responsible in the globalization of the highly developed countries. Clearly, their economic growths did not go through a quick and easy process. They laid down the foundation of their industrial development. Such experiences of the industrial countries should provide a lesson to less developed countries that are aiming for rapid globalization and industrialization. However, there are some countries that have achieved very rapid industrial growth. But the other sectors of their economy have not developed as truehearted as their industries.For instance, there have been no appropriate changes in some industries such as the clownish industries, public administration, social structure and values among other things and industries. But then again, it can be seen that there is more rooms for globalization even if it means that other industries are left behind. Moreover, there has been a great need for private sectors to be improved and flourished in order for globalization to push through. As far as the economics is concerned, the big challenge is poverty, and the surest route to sustained poverty reduction is economic growth. Growth requires good economic policies.The evidence strongly supports the conclusion that growth requires a policy textile that prominently includes an orientation towards integration into the global economy. This places obligations on three groups those who are most responsible for the operation of the international economy, primarily the governments of the developed countries those who determine the intellectual climate, which includes this audience but also government and non-government organizations and individuals and the government of the developing countries who bear the major responsibility for economic policy in their countries.Economic globalization, the ongoing process of greater economic interdependence among countries, is reflected in the increasing amount of cro ss-border trade in goods and services, the increasing peck of international financial flows, and increasing flows of labor. As is well populaten to our profession, economic globalization thrived in the period before 1914, but was set back by the two World Wars and the Great Depression.6 The international financial order that was established at the end of World War II sought to revivify the book of world trade, and by 1973, world trade as a percentage of world gross domestic product was back to its 1913 level and it has continued to grow almost every year since. While the founders of the Bretton Woods system saw the restoration of trade in goods and services as essential to the recovery of the global economy, they did not have the same benign view of capital flows. Nonetheless, capital flows among the industrialized countries did recover during the 1950s, and intensified in the 1960s.Rapidly they became too powerful for the pegged exchange rate system to survive, and by 1973, as a result of the impossible trinity of a pegged exchange rate, capital mobility, and a monetary policy directed at domestic objectives the Bretton Woods adjustable peg system had to give way to flexible exchange grade among the major countries. Capital flows to developing countries grew more slowly. In the late 1970s and early 1980s they consisted in general of bank loans by the 1990s they took the form mainly of foreign direct investment and purchases of marketable securities.And as the volume of international capital flows to and from the emerging market countries the more developed and larger developing countries increased, the impossible trinity once again asserted itself, and in a series of crises, country after country was forced to give up its pegged exchange rate and allow the currency to float. By now, the gross volume of international capital flows relative to global GDP far exceeds the levels reached in the period just before 1913, though net flows of foreign direct investment have not yet attained the great levels of the decade before World War I.It is generally believed that with respect to migration and labor flows the modern system is less globalized than it was a century ago. In 1911, nearly 15 percent of the United States population was foreign innate(p) today that number is probably a bit above 10 percent. Emigration rates from Europe, especially Ireland and Italy, were amazing 14 percent of the Irish population emigrated in the 1880s, and over 10 percent of the Italian population emigrated in the first decade of the twentieth century.Jeffrey Williamson (2002) attributes a significant part of the convergence of income levels in the Atlantic economy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to mass migration. Whether or not migration and labor flows are greater now than they were a century ago, we are becoming more globalized in this regard too, for migration rates have been rising and in a potentially important way, for more migration than in the past is from less to more developed countries. All this is at an abstract level.In terms of peoples daily lives, globalization means that the residents of one country are more likely now than they were fifty years ago to consume the products of another country to invest in another country to earn income from other countries to talk on the telephone to people in other countries to visit other countries to acknowledge that they are being abnormal by economic development in other countries and to know about developments in other countries. Globalization is much more than an economic phenomenon. The technological and political changes that catch the process of economic globalization have massive noneconomic consequences.In the words of Anthony Giddens, a leading sociologist I would have no hesitation in saying that globalization, as we are experiencing it, is in many value not only new, but also revolutionary. Globalization is political, technological and cult ural, as well as economic. The non-economic aspects are at least as important in shaping the international debate as are the economic aspects. Many of those who object to globalization resent the political and military dominance of the United States, and they resent also the influence of foreign predominantly American culture, as they see it at the expense of national and local cultures.The technological elements matter in practice as well as in the debate. For instance, the events of kinsfolk 11, 2001 could not have taken place before the current global era. The communications and transport systems that have accelerated the pace of globalization are also at the disposal of terrorists, money- launderers, and international criminals. On the authoritative side, improvements in communications and the spread of information were critical to the collapse of the Iron Curtain. People learned what was adventure in other countries, and understood that they did not have to live the way th ey were living, and the Iron Curtain fell.A broad range of critics is arrayed on the other side. Among them are academics, opinion leaders, individuals and groups who see their interests being affected by globalization, politicians, NGOs, and demonstrators and these categories are not mutually exclusive. To listen to the debate in the terms each side paints the other, who believes that all is for the best in the best of all possible worlds, and those who believe that the world is going to stone in a hand basket. That is doubly misleading.In the first place, many of those who regard themselves as pro-globalization know that there is far too much misery in the world, that there are many wrongs to be righted in the global economy, and that it could be made to operate much better. And on the other side, many but not all of the critics are not against globalization. Rather, from NGOs demonstrating for further debt relief and campaigning for greater access of developing country export s to industrialized country markets, to academic critics questioning current policy views, many are seeking a better and fairer globalization.